Notes On Academic Research

“Impact of the Sino-US Trade War on Factor Endowment in the China’s GBA: A Theoretical Analysis from the Perspective of Factor Endowment Theory”

Kuo Bao

Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences (2023)

Since the Sino-US trade war began in 2018, the two countries and other trading partners have been greatly affected. China’s regional economic development has been affected by trade barriers, among which the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is more serious. On the premise that factor endowments determine trade has been proven, this study puts forward the potential impact mechanism of trade on regional factor endowments and takes GBA as an example for theoretical analysis based on factor endowment theory. The results show that due to the decrease in GBA export demand, the labor endowment will decline, the capital endowment will change oppositely to the labor due to the substitution effect and innovation pressure, and the land endowment will decline steadily. However, the movement of factors of production is limited by trade deflection and the restrictive policy. Future mathematical induction based on Heckscher-Ohlin model is needed to prove the results, and the corresponding empirical analysis will verify the relevance and implication. From the Abstract

“Coral reef diversity losses in China’s Greater Bay Area were driven by regional stressors”

J. Cybulski, S. Husa, N. Duprey, et al.

Science Advances (2020)

Poor water quality driven by increased nutrients is the main cause of coral diversity loss in southern China’s Greater Bay Area. Observations of coral reef losses to climate change far exceed our understanding of historical degradation before anthropogenic warming. This is a critical gap to fill as conservation efforts simultaneously work to reverse climate change while restoring coral reef diversity and function. Here, we focused on southern China’s Greater Bay Area, where coral communities persist despite centuries of coral mining, fishing, dredging, development, and pollution. We compared subfossil assemblages with modern-day communities and revealed a 40% decrease in generic diversity, concomitant to a shift from competitive to stress-tolerant species dominance since the mid-Holocene. Regions with characteristically poor water quality—high chl-a, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and turbidity—had lower contemporary diversity and the greatest community composition shift observed in the past, driven by the near extirpation of Acropora. These observations highlight the urgent need to mitigate local stressors from development in concert with curbing greenhouse gas emissions. From the Abstract