Sri Lanka | Pope arrives on Asian tour, backs search for wartime truth 

Pope Francis stands on the tarmac upon arrival at the airport in Colombo yesterday

Pope Francis brought calls for reconciliation as well as justice as he arrived yesterday in Sri Lanka at the start of a weeklong Asian tour, saying the island nation can’t fully heal from a quarter-century of ethnic civil war without pursuing the truth about abuses that were committed.
In a show of ethnic coexistence, the pope’s welcoming ceremony at Colombo’s airport featured traditional dancers and drummers from both majority Sinhalese and minority Tamil ethnic groups, as well as a children’s choir serenading him in both of Sri Lanka’s languages — as well as Italian and English.
With 40 elephants dressed in colorful costumes lining the airport road behind him, Francis said that finding true peace after so much bloodshed “can only be done by overcoming evil with good, and by cultivating those virtues which foster reconciliation, solidarity and peace.”
He didn’t specifically mention Sri Lanka’s refusal to cooperate with a U.N. investigation into alleged war crimes committed in the final months of the war. But he said: “The process of healing also needs to include the pursuit of truth, not for the sake of opening old wounds, but rather as a necessary means of promoting justice, healing and unity.”
Tamil rebels fought a 25-year civil war to demand an independent Tamil nation after decades of perceived discrimination by governments dominated by the Sinhalese majority. U.N. estimates say 80,000 to 100,000 people were killed during the course of the war, which ended in 2009; other reports suggest the toll could be much higher.
Sri Lanka’s new president, Maithripala Sirisena, has promised to launch a domestic inquiry into wartime abuses, but he has also pledged to protect everyone who contributed to the defeat of Tamil Tiger separatists from international legal action.
A 2011 U.N. report said up to 40,000 ethnic Tamil civilians may have been killed in the last months of the civil war, and accused both sides of serious human rights violations. It said the government was suspected of deliberately shelling civilians and hospitals and preventing food and medicine from getting to civilians trapped in the war zone. The rebels were accused of recruiting child soldiers and holding civilians as human shields and firing from among them.
A few months after the U.N. report was released, the government of longtime President Mahinda Rajapaksa released its own Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission findings, which concluded that Sri Lanka’s military didn’t intentionally target civilians at the end of the war and that ethnic rebels routinely violated international humanitarian law.
Sirisena, who was sworn in Friday after an election upset, told Francis in the airport welcome ceremony that his government aims to promote “peace and friendship among our people after overcoming a cruel terrorist conflict.”
“We are a people who believe in religious tolerance and coexistence based on our centuries-old heritage,” he said.
Tamils, however, say they are still discriminated against, and human rights activists say the government isn’t serious about probing rights abuses.
In his speech, Francis said it wasn’t enough for the government to build infrastructure and meet the material needs of Sri Lanka’s people. “The great work of rebuilding,” he said, must embrace “promoting human dignity, respect for human rights and the full inclusion of each member of society.”
Thousands of people lined Francis’ 28-kilometer route in from the airport, which he traveled entirely in his open-topped popemobile. While some who had staked out positions since dawn were frustrated that he sped past so quickly, Francis took so long greeting well-wishers that he canceled a meeting with Sri Lanka’s bishops in the afternoon after falling more than an hour behind schedule.
“This is like Jesus Christ himself coming to Sri Lanka!” marveled Ranjit Solis, 60, a retired engineer. He recalled that Pope Paul VI only spent two hours in Sri Lanka in 1970, while St. John Paul II spent a day in 1975. “The current pope is coming for three days! He serves the poor and is concerned about poor countries. It’s a great thing.”
Aside from the airport welcome ceremony, Francis’ other main event yesterday was a meeting with representatives from Sri Lanka’s main religions.
Some 70 percent of
Sri Lankans are Buddhist — most from the Sinhalese ethnic group. Another 13 percent are Hindu, most of them Tamil, and some 10 percent are Muslim. Catholics make up less than 7 percent of the island nation’s 20 million people, but the church counts both Sinhalese and Tamils as members and sees itself as a strong source for national unity.
Francis is expected to call for greater interfaith dialogue amid a surge in anti-Muslim violence by extremist Buddhists.
“It is a blessing and will be helpful for inter-religious friendship,” said Rev. Wimalananda, a young Buddhist monk, who was out on the street to welcome Francis.
Francis arrived just days after Rajapaksa was upset in an election he had called. The victor, Sirisena, had defected from the ruling party in November in a surprise move and won the election by capitalizing on Rajapaksa’s unpopularity among ethnic and religious minorities.
“This is a good opportunity to unify the country after a war and bring together a society divided with an election,” said another Francis watcher on the road in from the airport, Saman Priyankara. “It will be a strength to the new government at a time we are free from an autocracy and on a new path.”
Today, Francis will canonize Sri Lanka’s first saint, the Rev. Joseph Vaz, a 17th-century missionary from India who is credited with having revived the Catholic faith among both Sinhalese and Tamils amid persecution by Dutch colonial rulers, who were Calvinists.
Later in the day he flies into Tamil territory to pray at a shrine beloved by both Sinhalese and Tamil faithful.
On Thursday he heads to the Philippines, the largest Roman Catholic country in Asia and third-largest in the world, for the final leg of the journey. Nicole Winfield and Bharatha Mallawarachi, Colombo , AP

former leader denies he attempted coup after loss

Sri Lanka’s former leader yesterday denied allegations that he attempted a coup to try to stay in power after seeing he had lost last week’s presidential election.
Mahinda Rajapaksa was widely credited for leaving office peacefully after Thursday’s election. But President Maithripala Sirisena’s new government has since accused him of convening the chiefs of the police and the army, as well as the attorney general, late Thursday to discuss ways to stop the vote counting, and said Rajapaksa left office only because they didn’t cooperate.
A Sirisena spokesman described the alleged attempt to reporters on Sunday and said the new government would investigate.
In a series of tweets yesterday, Rajapaksa denied “in all possible terms reports of attempts to use the military to influence election results.”