Nature | In Rio’s Olympic water, it’s all about avoiding the splash

There’s a contradictory mission for rowers competing in this year’s Summer Olympics. Get into your boat, work your hardest — but try to avoid the water.
And definitely don’t swallow it.
On Saturday at the polluted Rodrigo de Freitas lagoon — the venue for Olympic rowing — rowers bleached the handles of oars. They swished with anti-bacterial mouthwash, kept water bottles in plastic bags, and took precautions to avoid coming down with diarrhea or other gastrointestinal symptoms that could compromise years of training and a chance at gold.
To the naked eye, the lagoon’s polluted water seemed clearer than usual on Saturday, likely the result of bioremediation to clean up the sewage-filled area.
Despite the immaculate appearance, a 16-month long independent analysis by The Associated Press has shown the rowing venue — and other water venues used by 1,400 athletes in the Olympics — is teeming with dangerous viruses from human sewage that could cause athletes to become ill.
Rio treats only about half of its sewage, dumping the rest into the waters surrounding the metropolitan area of 12 million. Despite promises the water would be clean by the opening of the games, the AP’s tests confirmed widespread contamination.
The pollution has set up a quandary for the athletes. Competitors in a water sport must essentially avoid the water.

Some have been training off and on for months in Rio, hoping to build up immunity. Others decided to come in quickly and take their chances.
Canadian rower Carling Zeeman rushed to the dock to prepare for her heat, and instead of racing strategy from her coach, she got something else.
“I was greeted by a bottle of hand sanitizer,” she said.
Officials did their best to put a positive front on the problem. The water, while polluted, does often look clean. Drier winter weather in Rio recently has also helped because there has been no torrential rain to flush human waste from the hillside slums that surround the city into the lagoon.
The water looked so pristine that Matt Smith, the executive director of World Rowing — the world governing body of the sport — made a bold claim.
“It’s nearly drinking water,” Smith told reporters. “It’s swimming quality. It’s really good.”
Smith, who heads the Switzerland-based body, said the lagoon provided “excellent water quality,” which would shock Rio natives who live around the lagoon situated under the soaring Christ the Redeemer statue.
They are accustomed to smelling the stench, seeing fish die off, and few swim in a body of water that looks postcard-perfect from a distance but not so good up close.
Smith is relying on water-quality studies done by the state of Rio de Janeiro, which measure only bacteria levels. The studies have shown bacterial pollution levels regarded as safe by the World Health Organization and the International Olympic Committee.
The WHO and the state do not test for viruses, a more expensive and advanced test.
Many athletes complained more on Saturday about conditions they could see — in this case high winds and choppy water — and less about viruses and bacteria they couldn’t. Stephen Wade, AP