In terms of hard power, China has, first of all, the size of its economy and the strength of its domestic market. In addition, the competitiveness of goods
We've known for several decades that there is no way for our civilization and most life on the planet to survive a nuclear war, even a limited one, and the
China's openness and reform policy was initiated in 1979, but only in the late 1990s did it begin to privatize and significantly reduce its state-owned enterprises (SOE) sector. In the
The economic system in China has been described as one of "state capitalism," i.e. a market economy predicated on competition among state-owned enterprises. However, the system is a mixed one,
Last June, the Portugal-Hong Kong Chamber of Commerce and Industry and two other Hong Kong associations organized a seminar in Lisbon commemorating the 25th anniversary of the Hong Kong Special
According to a recent study by researchers at Rhodium Group and MERICS, Chinese foreign investment stagnated in 2021. While global foreign direct investment (FDI) has recovered sharply, outward
The Chinese government is committed to eradicating covid internally by maintaining endless waves of mass testing, tracking the contacts of those infected (through the use of metadata), locking down numerous
In the face of China’s worst outbreaks of Covid-19, authorities are continuing to pursue a zero-Covid policy, having imposed indefinite lockdowns on approximately 373 million people in at least 45
Rising real estate prices and underlying speculation, leveraged in bank financing and intertwined with land allocated by local governments, have driven the real estate sector into an unsustainable situation. This
Although China's gross domestic profit (GDP) growth reached Real estate accounts for In order to stabilize housing prices, force real estate developers to reduce bank debt and reduce commercial banks'
On May 5, The European Union Chamber of Commerce in China, in partnership with Roland Berger, released a survey on the The introduction in 2022 of more stringent Covid-19 containment
From time to time the proposal for a "global NATO" appears on the table: that is, the extension of NATO's "jurisdiction" to the global scale. According to this idea, NATO and
The estimated overall cost of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is, by nature, ill-defined as there are still projects being discussed and several of those agreed upon may not
Since implementing economic reforms in 1979, with the opening to foreign trade and investment, China experienced One of the factors contributing to this growth is globalization.
After the Bretton Woods agreement in 1944, other currencies began to maintain a fixed exchange rate with the US dollar (dßollar), which in turn was backed with gold - the
The Republic of India is one of the countries that has taken a neutral position when it comes to the war in Ukraine. Indian neutrality stems from historical reasons. Russia's
The war spurred by the invasion of Ukraine translates to a flagrant violation of international law, which is the foundation of one of the pillars of China's foreign policy -
Until the invasion of Ukraine, European countries considered economic interdependence, in addition to NATO's military presence, to be the main assurance of peace on the European continent. Russia had much
Following the invasion (on February 24) of Ukraine by Russia, the EU and the Western world imposed severe sanctions, including financial ones. Transactions with seven of Russia’s largest
European public opinion finds it unacceptable that Russian oligarchs are able to continue operating from countries that are largely dependent on the EU (Switzerland quickly realized this). Or that Russian
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