1986 Soviets launch space station Mir

The Soviets have opened a new phase in space exploration with the launch of the world’s biggest space station, Mir. The successful launch of Mir

2005 Kyoto Protocol comes into force

The Kyoto accord, which aims to curb the air pollution blamed for global warming, has come into force seven years after it was agreed. The accord

1989 Soviet troops pull out of Afghanistan

Soviet troops are withdrawing from Afghanistan, nine years after they swept into the country. A convoy of Soviet armoured vehicles travelled the 260-mile (418km) journey to

1989 Ayatollah sentences author to death

Scotland Yard is providing the author with specialist protection and advice and all 11,000 staff at publishers Viking have received internal memos about the potential danger.

1975 Miners set for 35 per cent pay rises

British mineworkers’ leaders have agreed to accept the coal board’s latest pay offer of up to 35%. A settlement was reached when the coal board added an extra

1962 Russia frees US spy plane pilot

American spy plane pilot Francis Gary Powers has been freed from prison in the Soviet Union in exchange for a Russian spy jailed in the US.

1950 McCarthy launches anti-red crusade

United States Senator Joe McCarthy has accused more than 200 staff in the State Department of being members of the Communist Party. He made the startling

1952 New Queen proclaimed for UK

Lords of the Council - numbering 150 - representatives from the Commonwealth, officials from the City of London - including the Lord Mayor - and other

1964 Beatlemania arrives in the US

The four members of the British hit band, the Beatles, have arrived in New York at the start of their first tour of the United States.

1959 Buddy Holly killed in air crash

Three young rock ‘n’ roll stars have been killed in a plane crash in the United States. Buddy Holly, 22, Jiles P Richardson - known as the Big

1990 De Klerk dismantles apartheid in South Africa

The President of South Africa has lifted the 30-year ban on leading anti-apartheid group the African National Congress. In a televised speech at the opening of

1983 British drivers ordered to belt up

Drivers and front seat passengers must wear seatbelts under a new law which came into force at midnight. The Department of Transport says 30,000 people a

1965 Last farewell to Churchill

Silent crowds lined the streets to watch the gun carriage bearing Sir Winston’s coffin leave Westminster Hall as Big Ben struck 0945. The procession travelled slowly

1945 Auschwitz death camp liberated

The Red Army has liberated the Nazis’ biggest concentration camp at Auschwitz in south-western Poland. According to reports, hundreds of thousands of Polish people, as well

1961 John F Kennedy sworn in as US president

The Democrat John F Kennedy has been sworn in as the youngest ever elected president of the United States. The 43-year-old Roman Catholic was inaugurated as the

1966 Indira Gandhi takes charge in India

Indira Gandhi, only daughter of India’s first prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru, is to become the country’s next leader. She was chosen at the end of a

1996: UK: Green groups join bypass battle

Six major environmental organisations today added their support to the growing anti-bypass campaign in Newbury, Berkshire. Friends of the Earth, the Council for British Archaeology, Greenpeace

1979 Shah of Iran flees into exile

The Shah of Iran has fled the country following months of increasingly violent protests against his regime. Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlevi and his wife, Empress Farah,

1976 Crime writer Agatha Christie dies

The most popular novelist in the world, Dame Agatha Christie, has died leaving rumours of a multi-million pound fortune and a final book waiting to be published.

1973 First Open University degrees awarded

The first graduates from the Open University (OU) have been awarded their degrees after two years studying from home. Out of the 1,000 students who sat

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